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Information on the Internet: Where Is It All Stored?

Here’s where all the information on the internet is stored: Data Centers are the source of almost all internet data. Their servers contain huge amounts of information we access on a daily basis. The internet consists of a network of connected computer networks that communicates using TCP/IP protocols on a global scale. So if you want to learn all about where the information on the internet is stored, then you’re in the right place. Keep reading! Where Is All the Information on the Internet Stored? Every day we access the internet either through an app on our phone or a web browser on our computer. It is an essential part of our lives because it provides information of all sorts. We seek information all the time. Whether it’s a cooking recipe, a book, or some kind of research, we’ve come to expect that the internet contains data on our query—an answer to a question that we have at any point of the day. To get to the information we are looking for, we have to go through the internet. We need to access our web browser, mobile apps, go through different layers of computer networks, some security protocols, and finally arrive at the information we’re looking for. But, where is that information stored exactly? And how does all of this work? What Are the Workings of the Internet? Every device connected to a router or hub has access to a network through Wi-Fi or a cable. The network in question can be a local network or the internet. A local network is a network of devices connected in one area. These can be internal networks for companies or networks that we have in our houses. The internal network can also be connected to the internet. This is how it actually works: The internet is one gigantic system of connected computer networks functioning on a global scale using the TCP/IP protocols to communicate. These protocols

The History of Zoom (+ Interesting Facts)

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Complete History of Zoom

This is the complete history of Zoom. From clay sheets to Zoom—humans improved their communication methods quite a bit. So if you want to learn the COMPLETE history of Zoom, then this article is for you. Let’s get right into it! From Scrolls to Zoom—the Big Picture For as long as humans have been trading goods, there have been business meetings. Granted these early business meetings were small and incredibly local to place. Yet, communication happened and business got transacted. Then, when confronted with the issue of communicating information long distance and the time it took to get to the next destination, humans created writing. From there, mathematics was invented to keep track of all the businesses being transacted. Imagine the scene, I think you might agree that lugging around those bulky clay inventory sheets or scrolls got annoying after a while. So, like all great problem solvers, humans continued to improve communication tools and the time it took to get a response from a relative or business partner hundreds of miles away. Some may have even dreamed of a system like Zoom or GoToMeeting, but it would take thousands of years of scientific development to get there. Communication Was Limited to How Fast You Could Travel Basically, for most of human history distance communication could only travel as fast as a human could walk or sail or a horse, or some other pack animal could walk or run. To give you an idea of the time involved, it could take as little as six weeks or almost three months to transport information from Europe to America in the eighteenth century. It all depended upon the time of year, how strong the winds were, and which route you took—the high northern route or the southern swing down to the Canary Islands with a turn to the Caribbean and then up the eastern coast of North America. Another way to think

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Laptop Processors vs. Desktop Processors: Same?

This is whether laptop processors are the same as desktop processors. Laptop processors are different from desktop processors. If you want to know why laptop processors are different and the technical details, then this article is for you. Let’s get started! Laptop Processor and Desktop Processors Are Not the Same We have seen a lot of progress in the past few years regarding laptop design. Machines that were once used mostly for work and office tasks can now be powerful gaming platforms with great graphics and general performance. Does that mean we reached a point where laptop processors can really be compared to desktop? It might seem so but, while the gap has been reduced, the limitations that affect the processing power of laptops are likely here to stay. Let’s learn more about laptop processors and how they compare to their desktop counterparts: A Thing or Two About Processors A processor or CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the main component in a computer responsible for carrying out tasks. The “central” signifies that it’s in charge of telling all the other components what to do to execute the instructions from the software running on the computer. Put simply, your processor is the “brain” of your computer that processes all the instructions that it gets from programs. But, CPUs aren’t only found in laptops and PCs—anything that needs to run a program will have a processor, including your TV! When researching processors online, you’ll often find these two terms mentioned a lot: clock speed and cores. Clock speed represents a rough estimate of the amount of calculations a processor can make in a single second, expressed in gigahertz (GHz). Cores are pretty much little CPUs themselves. New programs are written to run on multiple cores, increasing how quickly the program runs. Both the clock speed and the number of cores are important for your PC’s or laptop’s performance but what you should prioritize depends on what you want to

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Two Different Internet Providers in the Same House?

Here’s whether you can, and if so, how to have two different internet providers in the same house: You would have to make sure that they don’t use the exact same cabling, and you might even have to get a new phone line. The easiest way to have two connections in the same household without them interfering with each other would be to have a DSL internet provider and a cable internet provider. If you want to learn all about two different internet providers in the same house and what the technical details are on it, then you’re in the right place. Let’s get started! Can You Have Two Different Internet Providers in the Same House? Although the quality and usage of Internet connections are rising worldwide, many households find themselves overloading their Wi-Fi routers with too many devices and connections at the same time. For example, suppose you have a 4K TV, a gaming console, several smartphones, and a PC using the same Wi-Fi connection. In that case, you might run into connectivity issues. At the very least, you might notice your download speeds dropping. While you can try having a dedicated Ethernet cable for one of those devices to make sure it always has a stable connection, that might not be a perfect long-term solution. Suppose you want to keep the whole family happy and give everyone fast internet. In that case, you may want to equip your house with another connection. But, can you get that connection from a different provider than the one whose services you’re already using? How Do Internet Service Providers Work? The internet is a network of networks—we all learned that at school. Your PC and all PCs, Wi-Fi routers, and hotspots are a part of a large global system of interconnected networks that have no owners. So, why do you have to pay for your internet and why are there Internet service providers in

History of Artificial Intelligence: THE Definitive Guide

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Complete History of Artificial Intelligence

This is THE definitive guide to the history of artifical inteligence. From the first use of the term “robot” to the Singularity. So if you want a deep dive into the history of artifical intelligence, then this is the article for you. Let’s jump right in! THE Definitive Guide to the History of Artificial Intelligence Since ideas are often the precursor of invention, Alan Turing’s 1936 concept of a Universal Machine, a “thinking machine,” continued to play inside philosophers’, scientists’, engineers’, and mathematicians’ minds throughout the twentieth century. How could one create computers that not only manage information and foster communication more effectively and efficiently, but also take it to a higher level; that is, create a machine that can think and interact with the world as humans do. While they didn’t initially call what they were working on “artificial intelligence,” that concept was very much there waiting to leap out into the world. As with so much of technological development, it took many minds from many different fields of study to establish the foundation for the area of research that we now call artificial intelligence. Learn all about the history of digital information technology here. This is the story of those pioneers. Robots Are Artificial Intelligence? For many of us, when we think of artificial intelligence we immediately think of robots, as did many thinkers before the 1940s. Philosophers, scientists, and writers seriously considered the idea of a “mechanical man.” That type of creature had permeated literature worldwide for centuries. Philosophers, Scientists, Writers and the Mechanical Man Here are just a few examples: First Law: A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. Second Law: A robot must obey orders given to it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. Third Law: A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does

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Internet Goes Out When It Rains: Why?

Here’s why your internet slows down or won’t work when it rains: DSL, ADSL, or SDSL are technologies that run your internet over copper phone lines that are susceptible to failure during extreme weather conditions. Another reason is, when it’s rainy, most people stay indoors, which means your internet might slow down due to a higher than normal demand for bandwidth. If you want to learn all about why your internet goes out or slows down when it rains, then this article is for you. Let’s get started! Why Does Your Internet Go Out When It Rains? “Oh, it’s raining again! Why does my internet go out when it rains?” Sound familiar? When it gets dark and drizzly outside, there’s nothing you want to do more except cuddle up on the couch with a cup of hot cocoa while watching your favorite movie or show on Netflix… but what if you can’t? Usually, a rainy day or light snowfall here and there won’t affect your internet. There may be other reasons why your signal becomes weak. But there are times when the weather can cause major internet problems. It’s frustrating when your internet connection drops out—especially at a time when you need it most. Sometimes a rainy day can make your internet connection just as slow and dreary as your mood, but what’s the reason behind this? Why Your Internet Stops Working When It Rains? There’s likely two reasons why your internet connection isn’t working. Traditional Copper Wiring Firstly, if your ISP (Internet Service Provider) provides a DSL (Digital Subscriber Line), ADSL (Asymmetric), or SDSL (Symmetric), this means your internet runs over copper phone lines that bury beneath the ground or hover on the utility poles for a long enough time. Unfortunately, these copper wires are at least a decade old and haven’t been designed according to the growing digital world. The wires are more susceptible to failure during extreme

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Computer Repair Shops: Looking at Files?

Here’s everything about computer repair shops looking at your files: Computer repair shops could look at your files. Some computer stores are super safe. Others aren’t as reputable. If someone really wants to get to your files, there’s a way. Research is the only way to weed out disreputable computer repair shops. So, if you want to learn all about computer repair shops looking at your files, then this article is for you. Let’s jump right in! Do Computer Repair Shops Look at Your Files? When your computer or smartphone runs into issues, or worse, crashes, taking it to a repair shop is a standard next step. Your friendly repair technician might be able to save you from the expense of a new computer, or at least may be able to retrieve necessary files. There’s only one problem with that; many of those vital files may have private or sensitive information that you don’t want your local repair shop to view. Things like your social security number, private photos, or drafts of personal documents may all exist on your hard drive. But is that something to be concerned about? Do computer repair shops look at your files? Do phone repair shops look at your files? Or is all this worry misplaced? Below you’ll learn everything you need to know about potential computer repair invasions of privacy. Then the article shows you what to do before taking a computer in for repair, so you can rest assured your photos, files, and personal information are protected. Let’s get started! Are Computer Repair Shops Safe? Let’s start with the most basic question: are computer repair shops safe? Or, will they take advantage of you by finding and exploiting your private information? The answer is, unfortunately, they could. A quick google search will likely reveal several computer repair shops in your area. But not all computer repair shops are equal. Some computer shops are

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Router WAN Blocking: Safe to Enable?

Here’s whether you need to enable WAN blocking on your router: When you enable port forwarding (turn off WAN blocking), you allow the entire Internet to potentially redirect to one of the internal IP addresses of your LAN. If you’re not running servers from your home and want maximum security, you don’t need to enable external WAN access and should enable WAN blocking. If you want to learn all about why you should enable WAN blocking and what WAN blocking is, then you’re in the right place. So without further ado, let’s do this! Do You Need to Enable WAN Blocking on Your Router? The internet can be a confusing place. Just a quick google search of any term related to the internet yields hundreds of thousands of results. Indeed, each aspect of the internet seems to, upon closer inspection, give birth to many more terms that one must learn before one fully understands the issue. Perhaps you’ve seen the WAN blocking setting on a new router and are curious about whether or not you should enable WAN blocking? Perhaps you’re not even sure what this means. The short answer is this: yes, in most cases, the person reading this article should enable WAN blocking. To find out why you should read this article. Below you’ll find your comprehensive WAN guide: What is WAN Why you should enable WAN blocking Basically everything related What Is WAN on Your Router? First things first: we need to define our first variable. WAN is short for Wide Area Network. A network is by definition any connection of two or more computers linked together to share utilities such as printers or to share resources such as files and otherwise communicate electronically. A WAN is one of two basic kinds of networks that computers can be a part of. It contrasts with LAN, which is short for Local Area Network. What Is the Difference Between

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What Is a Bit Vector?

This is what a bit vector is. A bit vector is like an array of bits. So if you want to know what a bit vector is in detail and how to create and use one, then you’re in the right place. Let’s jump right in! Understand Bit Vectors You’ll learn what bit vectors are, how they look, and what values their elements can take. Moreover, how to create them, display them, and do other operations with bit vectors based on integers and bitwise operations. Furthermore, the Python bitarray library allows you to work with bit vectors more efficiently. Lastly, the advantages and applications of bit vectors. You probably know that computers store data in zeros and ones. For calculations, computers use a binary number system. In this system, there are only two digits: 0 and 1. Therefore, to encode any number greater than 1, you must use more digits. You have to encode a number with a series of 0s and 1s. One such bit is called a bit. It’s one digit that says 1 or 0, yes or no, true or false. A structure consisting of multiple bits is called a bit vector or bit array. Usually, programming languages don’t address a specific bit. This limitation is due to the way processors and memory registers work. Nevertheless, there are some ways to manipulate individual bits in a bit vector. Here’s how: Basic Bit Vector Operations Let’s look at basic operations with bit vectors. Setting a specific bit to 1 Suppose you have a bit vector: You want the value of place 4 to be 1 (right to left). If it were just a simple array, you could write something like this: As mentioned above, most languages wouldn’t let you do that. But you can always use bitwise OR. Bitwise OR is actually standard functionally in the vast majority of programming languages, including Python. OR operations return the bits

Best Format for a Bootable USB Drive: Fat32, NTFS, or ExFAT?

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Bootable USB Drive Best Format: Fat32, NTFS, or ExFAT?

Here’s the best format for a bootable USB drive: NTFS usually transfers data faster and performs better with large volumes than FAT32 and exFAT for the most common operating systems such as Windows and Linux. The FAT32 and exFAT file systems are the precursors of NTFS. All three file systems, FAT32, exFAT, and NTFS were all created by Microsoft. If you want to learn all about each format and which one is the best, the’re in the right place. Let’s get started! Which Format Is Better for a Bootable USB Drive: Fat32, NTFS, or ExFAT? If you’re like most computer users, you probably take file systems for granted. It’s common because the concept can be confusing and a little convoluted since you have so many options, and it’s challenging to keep track of them. Of course, when you want to transfer files to a new device, knowing the basics can be a lifesaver. If you want to keep your files readable, which format is better for a bootable USB drive: Let’s jump right in: What Is a Bootable USB Drive? Bootable USB drives, also known as a live USB, is a flash drive or external hard disk drive that houses a complete operating system that you can boot up. Technicians initially used live USBs to correct booting issues and some other malfunctions. The live USBs served as an alternative to live CDs for repairs. What Are the Benefits of Bootable USB Drives? There are three primary reasons to use a bootable USB drive, including the lack of CD drives in many modern computers. What Are the Bootable USB Drive Limitations? Currently, there’s no perfect system, so bootable USB drives have some limitations to consider. Operating System vs. File System—What’s the Difference? Your operating system is the software that manages your computer’s hardware, software resources, and computer programs. Essentially, it makes your computer run and do all the fun tasks you

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Discord Data Usage: How Much?

Here’s how much data Discord uses: On your desktop or PC, Discord will use more data than on your phone. If you want to learn all about how much data Discord uses and how to reduce the usage, then this article is for you. Let’s jump right in! How Much Data Does Discord Use? Discord allows you to connect with friends, family, and colleagues, just like Zoom, but in a more organized way. It also links with third-party apps like Spotify so that you can bring music and video-streaming to your experience. Many users have found Discord especially helpful for making international and long-distance calls because it acts as a VOIP. VOIP stands for Voice Over Internet Protocol. A VOIP allows you to make phone calls without an analog phone line; it runs on data instead. In fact, Discord, like all messaging apps, requires data to run all of its features. To share music, send video, start a voice chat, or simply text message another user, you’ll need access to a decent amount of data. So, how much data does Discord use? Well, the answer isn’t all that straightforward. There are multiple factors at play. To understand, let’s zoom out just a bit and talk about data and how it works on your phone versus your personal computer. Discord Data on PCs vs. Phones Cellular or mobile data uses radio waves to connect to the internet just like Wi-Fi does. However, Wi-Fi covers a limited area, like your house or office building. Mobile data relies on cell towers to connect you to the internet no matter where you are. So, it has a broad range and can connect you with the internet even when you’re far from your home Wi-Fi network. Data plans are priced based on speed and the number of gigabytes they offer per month. Though unlimited plans are becoming more popular, many stick with less expensive plans

30 FPS Looks Better on Console Than PC: Why? (3 Ways to Fix)

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30 FPS Look Better on Console Than PC: Why?

It boils down to optimization. Whether you use a console or a PC, 30 FPS means the same thing, but consoles are optimized to play games at this rate, while PC games are often optimized to play at higher frame rates. Because of that, consoles often look better at lower rates.

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Laptop Charger: Lower or Higher Wattage Bad?

Here’s everything about using a lower or higher wattage charger for your laptop: Using a lower wattage charger might seem safe, but it can actually cause problems with your power supply. You can also use a higher wattage charger for your laptop, but it has to meet other specs like voltage and polarity. Keep your laptop safe by using the right charger. If you want to learn all about using a lower or higher wattage charger for your laptop, then you’re in the right place. Let’s get started! What Does Wattage Means on a Charger? The wattage of a charger indicates the amount of power draw it can match. Watts are a measure of electric power, and you can calculate it by multiplying the amperage by the voltage of a circuit. What Is the Voltage of a Charger? Voltage measures the difference in electric potential between two points in a circuit. If we were to compare electric current to water, the voltage would represent a difference in water pressure. What Are Amps? Amps or amperes are another rating you can find on your laptop charger. This measure indicates the strength of an electric current. What Is the Difference Between AC and DC Power? AC power or Alternating Current changes is an electrical current that changes directions at regular intervals. The change in direction creates a wave-like motion that allows electricity to travel farther. The power outlets you can find in your home deliver AC power. DC power or Direct Current flows in one constant direction. DC power delivers a voltage that is more consistent, which is why small appliances convert AC power to DC power. Your laptop battery delivers a steady flow of DC power to the different components of your laptop. How Does a Computer Power Supply Work? The power supply plugs into a wall outlet and receives 110 V or 220 V AC power. It converts it to

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PSU Too Weak: What Happens?

Here’s what happens if your PC’s PSU (Power Supply Unit) is too weak. The PSU is the heart of your PC ’cause it’s what keeps it going. So if you want to know what happens if your PSU is too weak, then you are in the right place. Let’s jump right in! Is Your PSU too Weak? A PC without a power supply unit (PSU) is just an expensive heap of fancy hardware and circuitry. While other parts of your PC are the skeleton, the brains, and the brawn, the PSU is the heart because it brings the whole unit to life. In order to make sure that your PC is operating at its peak, you will need a good quality PSU. You can run into a host of problems if your PSU is low quality or too weak, including damaging or destroying your PC’s other more expensive components. This might surprise you, but in the worst-case scenario, an overtaxed PSU can cause fire and put your life in danger. Surely, you want to avoid that! Read on to find out how to tell if your current PSU is too weak and how to pick the right PSU for your PC. How Does a PSU Work? A PSU powers your PC by converting energy from the electricity grid (AC power) to direct current energy (DC power) to power the components inside of your PC. AC power runs in multiple directions and can vary in magnitude, while DC power travels in a single direction at a constant volume. DC power allows your PC to operate stably and consistently. PSUs are built into some home PCs and can also be purchased separately if you are looking to upgrade your current machine or build your own unit. PSUs are sold in a variety of wattage options. Your power supply needs will vary depending on the type of PC you have and how you

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Using Laptop While Charging: Bad?

It’s fine to plug in your computer and use it while the battery charges. However, every time a battery is recharged, its lifespan drops a little. Modern devices use electronic controllers that stop charging the battery when it’s full, though. The current bypass the battery and runs the computer directly.

1366x768 vs. 1920x1080: Better Resolution? (All the Info)

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1366×768 vs. 1920×1080: Better Resolution?

Here are the differences between a 1366×768 pixels resolution and a 1920×1080 pixels resolution and which is better: 1920×1080 is usually better because it’s a higher resolution and provides better image clarity. There are reasons to choose a lower resolution, such as to save computational power. Many displays can adjust the screen resolution below their maximum, so having a higher maximum resolution gives you more control. So if you want to learn all about whether 1366×768 pixels or 1920×1080 pixels is the better resolution for you, then this article is for you. It’s time for the first step! What Do the Resolution Numbers 1366×786 and 1920×1080 Mean? The numbers in a screen resolution refer to the number of pixels used to produce an image within that resolution. More specifically, the resolution depicts the number of rows and columns (in that order) of pixels that will be on a screen. In a raw sense, 1920×1080 resolution has double the number of pixels when compared to 1366×768. What does it mean to have more pixels? This yields two results. One relates to image clarity, and the other relates to dots per inch (or DPI). Let’s talk about image clarity first. Increasing the number of pixels in the image increases the sharpness and clarity of the image. The easiest way to understand this is in image enlargement. If you zoom in on an image enough, it eventually becomes blurry. You can try it on your phone right now. Take a picture and see how far you can zoom in before the image quality suffers. Any image will fall victim to this inevitability, and it has to do with pixels. More pixels create more data for the image, and that allows you to zoom in closer before you get blurriness or distortion. There is a famous picture you can access online that used 120 Gigapixels in its formation. It allows unprecedented amounts of zooming,